What are the 5 types of hardware?

which takes inputs processes is it and produces the output accordingly

it also store information in memory this diagram stores basic operation flow on computer

common the are characteri sticst

computer understands machine

language that can’t be understandable by the   human computer

recognizes values in the forms of zeros or ones accuracy repetitive task and

tire lessone work computing   the  hardware  physical components of a

computer system

it is abbreviated as computer.

Input Devices

how in short computer parts which can physically touch four categories

input devices for raw data input processing devices to process raw

data instructions into information output devices to disseminate data and

information storage devices for data and information retention.

input devices keyboard is the most popular and commonly used input device

it is just like a typewriter with additional keys for special purposes typing keys alphabet keys

a to z and number keys 0 to 9. function keys 12 function

keys used for specific purposes control keys these are crsor and

screen control keys example arrow keys page up page down control alternate escape home end

Definition and explanation of input devices

insert and delete operator and special character keys special purpose

keys enter backspace num lock caps lock shift space bar tab scroll lock sleep and

print screen numeric keypad quick and easy reference keys numbers arrow keys operator keys etc

mouse popular pointing selection and cursor control device microphone

it is used to rrecordand sound then stored in the digital form mainly used in multimedia

works joystick is also a pointing device that is used to move

The cursor position on a screen it is mainly used in games light pen is a pointing device similar to a pen

used to select a menu item or draw pictures on the screen scanner

 

Examples of input devices (keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.)

it works like a photocopy or xerox machine it transfers information available on paper into digital format and

stores it in the computer memory barcode reader

it is used for reading barcoded data in the form of light and dark

lines barcoded data is generally used in labeling

items numbering the books etc optical character reader ocr

it is used to scan printed text optically and converts them into readable text and store

it in a computer memory magnetic kink card reader micr microo is used in banks

where to read bank’s code number and check number are printed

on the checks with a special type of ink optical mark reader omr

Output Devices

it is an optical scanner used to recognize the type of mark made bya  pen or pencil

it is specially used for checking

the answer sheets of examinations having multiple choice questions monitor

the most common computer output device just like tv

it comes in various sizes and resolutions monitor the resolution

it describes the visual dimensions of any given display expressed in terms of

width and height monitor resolution is comprised of a specific number of pixels

crt cathode ray this uses phosphorescent dots to generate

the pixels that constitute displayed images bulk in size and weight

flat panel screen makes use of liquid crystals or plasma to produce output

light is passed through the liquid crystals to generate pixels

lcd liquid crystal display led light emitting diodes printer generates

a hard copy of documents and photographs typically on a paper impact printer works

by direct contact of an ink ribbon with paper non-impact printer uses

laser zero graphic electrostatic chemical and inkjet technologies header set is a combination of speakers and ma icrophone.

Definition and explanation of output devices

it is mostly used by gamers video conferences online meetingsvideo etc

speakers are to facilitate the output of digital sound projector device projects a computer created image onto

another surface usually whiteboard or wall

it is most widely used for presentations or for viewing vplotss plot a device generates

a hard copy of a digitally depicted design is generally used with architect or engineering applications.

motthe herboard is the most essential part of a computer system it connects

all the parts of a computer together both internal and external components of

the computer uses various slots and ports microprocessor’s central

processing unit cpu microprocessor heart of the computer is an electronic component

That controls all functions of a computer system.

It is located inside the computer case on the motherboard

It is a single integrated chip ic containing billions of very small components including transistors resistors and

diodes that work together the microprocessor functions as an artificial brain

all the arithmetical and logical functions are done by its random access memory ram

Is a computer’s primary memory it is a very fast solid-state storage medium

That is directly accessible by the CPU any open programs or files on a computer are temporarily stored in the ram

 

Examples of output devices (monitor, printer, speakers, etc.)

whilst being used being volatile any data storedthe  in ram will be lost when power is lost read only memory

rom is a type of primary storage medium that permanently stores data on

pcs and other electronic devices it contains the programming needed to start a pc

which is essential for boot up it performs major input slash

output tasks and holds programs or software instructions.

Importance of output devices

it is part of the bios chip which is locatedPC’spc’s motherboard hard disk drives are non-volatile magnetic

secondary storage devices capable of remembering vast amounts of data in gigabytes or terabytes

two types internal and external uses desktop pcs laptops tv and

satellite recorders servers and mainframes solid-state drive

SSD is non-volatile secondary storage device capable of holding large amounts of data

it uses flash memories and millions of transistors

wired in a series on a circuit board giving it the advantage of having

no mechanical moving parts and therefore a faster transfer of data than

hard disk drives it is more expensivand e uses high-end pcs laptops smartphones tablets etc.

Storage Devices

flash storage devices are non-volatile solid-state secondary storage devices which thatinth flash memories

to store data millions of transistors pen drives used in the computers memory

cards used in digital cameras mobile phones tablets etc flash storage devices are portable

and comes in a variety of capacities to suit most budgets and requirements cd dvd

blu-rays are optical secondary storage disks binary data is stored as changes to

the texture of the disk surface sometimes thought of as microscopic pits

and bumps disc capacity is cd 700 megabytes dvd 4.7 gigabytes blu-ray

25 gigabytes to 128 gigabytes optical disk drive this device reads writes rewrites

data on optical disks through laser beaming technology common optical drives are cd dvd blu-ray drives.

Definition and explanation of storage devices

Two types of internal and external drives CPU slot the processor socket

is the connector on the motherboard that connects a microprocessor cpu fan

will be placed above the processor ram slots ram slots for attaching ram

chips to motherboard pci slot peripheral component interface slotallows

to insert expansion cards into computer motherboards like network cards sound cards modems video cards agp

slot accelerated graphics port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for

attaching a video card to the motherboard sata serial attached this port connects

hard disk drive or DVD drive into motherboard id controller integrated drive electronics

connects old type of hard drive or cd drive into motherboard floppy controller

in old motherboard, the floppy drive connects toa  computer via a 34 pin ribbon

cablCMOSos battery complementary metal oxide.

Examples of storage devices (hard disk drive, solid-state drive, USB flash drive, etc.)

semiconductor is used to stop ios setting in the computer motherboard CMOS

battery is the power backup for CMOS settings ps2 used to connect a keyboard

and mouse usb universal serial bus used to connect mouse keyboards scanners

cameras printers USB storage devices to compute a motherboard parallel

connector old printers are used to connect by the parallel port whuses use a

25-pin female db connector serial connector

it used to connect the serial device to the computer and is capable of transmitting

one bit at a time serial ports are nine pins connectors usually identified as com

ports vga video graphics adapter used to connect monitor to the video port line

out it used to connect speakers or headphones into the line out jack line in the line

in jack allows us to listen to our computer using a stereo system HDMI high definition multimedia

interface is a connector and cable capable of transmitting high-quality and high

bandwidth streams of audio and video between devices the HDMI technology is

used with devices such as an HDTV projector dvd player or blu-ray player game port.

Importance of storage devices

if we have a joystick musical midi keyboard or another gaming device this is

where we plug it into a network or ethernet port you can connect your computer to

a network by plugging in an ethernet cable in this port scuzzy is used to connect a

hard drive to a computer switching mode power supply smps is an electronic power

supply that incorporates a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently

SMPS transfers power from a dc or ac source often means power to dc loads such as a

pcs while converting voltage and current characteristics smps provides the necessary

electrical power to make the computer system operate the power supply takes

standard 230 ac power and converts into plus or minus 12 volts plus or minus

5 volt and 3.3 volt dc power a 20 plus 4 pins connectors which supply power to the motherboard

typical back panel of a computer shown here this may ease understanding and connect

The appropriate peripherals for a computer.